The vertebral artery is divided into four segments (V1–V4; Figure 1). The V1 segment originates at the subclavian artery and extends to the transverse foramina of either the fifth or sixth ...

Neural foraminal stenosis causes nerve irritation and compression when the space a spinal nerve travels through narrows.

Orthofix’s TrueLok Elevate transverse bone transplant system earned FDA 510(k) clearance and CE Mark from the European Union. TrueLok Elevate is designed for limb preservation and addresses bony or ...

These types of tests can also help them determine if the lesions fit the criteria for diagnosing MS. Share on Pinterest Images of MS Lesions on the spine, via x ray. Image Credit: Yoon BN ...

Casual movements like flexion and extension of neck or continuous trauma in persons with arcuate foramen can compress and restrict movement of vertebral artery. Owing to this, many cases have resulted ...

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of lumbar spine showed a gas-containing pseudocyst compressing in L4 exiting nerve root right extraforaminal area at L4–5 level. L4 exiting nerve ...

Endoscopic augmentation of the lower oesophageal sphincter using hydrogel implants for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease IPG222 27 June 2007 27 June 2007 Carmustine implants and ...