Since the 2020 election, the Justice Department’s Election Threats Task Force has arrested and prosecuted about a dozen people for threatening election workers. In contrast, experts say actual voter fraud, or instances of people voting improperly, are vanishingly rare.

From bulletproof glass to panic buttons, jurisdictions across the U.S. are taking unprecedented steps to protect election workers and ballots amid concerns about voter intimidation, fraud and even violence at the polls.