Maltby is a former mining town and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England. It was historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire. It is located 6 miles east of Rotherham and 10 miles north-east of Sheffield. It forms a continuous urban area with Hellaby, separated from the rest of Rotherham by the M18 motorway. It had a population of 16,688 at the 2011 Census.